爱普生晶振推出汽车专用晶体振荡器SG2016CAA，支持CMOS输出，小体积尺寸2.0x1.6mm有源晶振，四脚贴片晶振，电源电压1.6V至3.63V，频率范围8MHz至54MHz，工作温度范围可达到-40℃至125℃，具有超小型，轻薄型，耐高温，耐热、耐振、耐冲击等优良的耐环境特性，满足无铅焊接的高温回流温度曲线要求，符合AEC-Q200标准。SG2016CAA有源晶振特别适用于汽车电子，ADAS(高级驾驶辅助系统): 摄像头，激光雷达(光探测和测距)、雷达，网络，汽车信息娱乐系统，音频，时钟，仪表，组合仪表，车身控制(BCM)等。

汽车专用晶体振荡器X1G005341004500适用于ADAS高级驾驶辅助系统

无人机专用晶振TG2016SMN编码X1G005441020200

在这个智能化的社会系统里，晶振为数字电路系统提供基本的时钟信号，称之为数字电路的心脏。物联网在智能家居、智慧城市、可穿戴设备等领域正带来数以十亿计的新设备，晶振是数字终端必不可少的基础器件之一，是物联网应用的上游行业。

爱普生晶振SG7050EEN，小体积晶振尺寸7.0x5.0mm六脚贴片晶振，有源晶振，支持LV-PECL输出差分晶振，频率范围25MHz至200MHz，电源电压2.5V,3.3V，小体积轻薄型，具有极低的相位抖动和功耗，以实现出色的相位噪声。被广泛用于5G通信设备，物联网，智能家居，手机，GPS定位，汽车导航，安防设备，可穿戴设备等。

LV-PECL输出差分晶振X1G005131100900专用于物联网设备

FA-128无源晶振Q22FA1280002600专用于小型便捷式通信设备应用

压控晶振(VCXO)是一种石英晶体振荡器，其振荡效率可以通过红外线加控制电压来改变或调制。它的振荡频率由晶体决定，频率可以通过控制电压在小范围内调节。VCXO多用于锁相技术和频率负反馈调制。通常，控制电压范围为0V至2V或0V至3V。VCXO的调谐范围为100ppm至200ppm。

日本进口爱普生晶振VG-4231CE，是一款VCXO压控晶体振荡器，频率范围:3MHz至50MHz*，*50MHz不包括在输出频率范围内，电源电压:3.3V(PSCM/CSCM)，2.8V(PSBM/CSBM)，1.8V (PQEM/CQEM)，频率控制范围:140×10-6 (*SCM/*SBM)，120×10-6 (*QEM)，低功耗:1.0mA(典型值)。(27M，3.3V)，小体积晶振尺寸:3.2x2.5mm，有源晶振，四脚贴片晶振，输出波形CMOS，无铅/符合欧盟RoHS指令，标准参考重量26毫克，具有超小型，轻薄型，低功耗，低抖动，低电源电压，低损耗，低耗能等特点，多用于锁相技术、频率负反馈系统和频率调制，已成为通信机、移动电话、寻呼机、全球定位系统(GPS)等许多电子应用系统必不可少的关键部件。

VG-4231CE编码Q3614CE00008200压控晶振多用于锁相技术和频率负反馈调制

日本进口爱普生晶振SG3225EEN，小体积晶振尺寸3.2x2.5mm有源晶振，是一款小体积六脚贴片晶振，频率范围可提供25M~200MHZ任一频点，2.5V,3.3V具有低电源电压,满足产品低消耗电流的特点，LV-PECL晶振，具有低电平,低抖动,低功耗等特性.差分晶振作为目前行业中高要求,高技术石英晶体振荡器,具有相位低,损耗低的特点,该产品中能够很容易地识别小信号,能够从容精确地处理双级信号,对外部电磁干扰(EMI)是高度免疫的,差分石英晶振满足市场需求,实现高频高精度等要求,更加保障了各种系统参考时钟的可靠性。

SG3225EEN晶振编码X1G005221000200差分晶振具有低消耗电流的特点

1XXB24000MEA|DSB221SDN晶振|24M温补晶振

1XXB24000MEA晶振产品尺寸图

1XXB24000MEA晶振产品电气表

关于1XXB24000MEA|DSB221SDN晶振|24M温补晶振 产品安装的注意事项

终端/陆上布局/金属屏蔽孔

1端子A通孔不在底部（安装侧）。
2土地图案布局/金属掩模孔以下土地图案为参考设计。电气特性应满足安装在这片土地上的要求。在测试用地和安装用地不相连的范围内，可以改变接地方式。

对电特性没有任何影响。面罩厚度建议为0.12毫米。

1XXB38400MCB|KDS晶振|DSB221SDN晶振|温补晶振

1XXB38400MCB晶振产品尺寸图

1XXB38400MCB晶振产品电气表

关于1XXB38400MCB|KDS晶振|DSB221SDN晶振|温补晶振 产品安装的注意事项

终端/陆上布局/金属屏蔽孔

1端子A通孔不在底部（安装侧）。
2土地图案布局/金属掩模孔以下土地图案为参考设计。电气特性应满足安装在这片土地上的要求。在测试用地和安装用地不相连的范围内，可以改变接地方式。

对电特性没有任何影响。面罩厚度建议为0.12毫米。

FOX晶振生产的FK135系列，编码FK135EIHM0.032768-T3，两脚贴片晶振，频率32.768kHz，小体积无源晶振尺寸3.2x1.5mm表面贴装，石英晶体谐振器，ESR（等效串联电阻）:70kΩ，负载电容：12.5pF，频率容差±20ppm，工作温度：-40℃至+85℃，符合 RoHS/RoHS II标准，无铅 (Pb)

FOX晶振FK135系列编码FK135EIHM0.032768-T3是一款小体积无源晶振

由于许多低功耗和便携式应用程序大部分时间都处于待机模式，因此这些系统必须最大限度地降低待机功耗。我们基于32.768k晶振的定时源允许这些系统快速转换到待机模式（<10ms），以最大限度地延长电池寿命，而不会牺牲维持准确时钟和日历所需的稳定性（±20ppm）

KX2513G0032.768000具有适用于各种应用的卓越性能,32.768KHz振荡器

世界领先的可编程振荡器制造商Cardinal Components公司推出CJ系列工厂可配置振荡器“XO”和压控振荡器“VCXO”。CJ系列频率范围从10MHz到1.5GHz。工作电压为2.5或3.3V。CJ系列温度范围是商业0-70℃和工业-40到+ 85℃。CJ系列提供5.0x7.0mm，5.0x3.2mm和2.5x2.0mm陶瓷表面贴装封装。产品输出选项为CMOS，LVDS和LVPECL差分晶振。CJ系列是低功耗兼容产品，与竞争解决方案相比，CMOS @（1至250 MHz）为20 mA，LVDS @（750MHz至1.5GHz）为23mA，而在54 mA @（750MHz）时为LVPECL配置到1.5GHz）。稳定性选项包括25和50PPM选项。相位抖动（12kHz-20MHz）0.9psRMS。

Cardinal晶振CJ系列晶体振荡器型号大全,CJAE7LZ-A7BR-024.000TS,差分晶振

迈阿密——全球领先的高性能频率管理公司Raltron 元器件和天线产品，设计了最小的SMD恒温晶体振荡器 (OCXO)市场上有售。尺寸仅为9mmx7mm，OX7000系列专为应用而设计，要求超小尺寸和优异的温度稳定性。这包括5G无线的所有方面 基础设施、传输、精密仪器、广播、公用事业计量基础设施和更多。

OX7000系列覆盖从5.000MHz到40.000MHZ的频率范围150mA稳态下的电压为3.3V。OX7000系列OCXO结合了超小型和超 +/-10 ppb的可靠频率稳定性。
“OX7000系列OCXO晶振，专为支持客户需求而打造，以微型产品的形式提供卓越的性能 包裹。确保回流后最小的频率偏差，高稳定性OCXO是低 要求低噪声的频率无线和射频应用，”Raltron销售副总裁Ross Weiss说
OX7000系列有源晶振，采用密封封装以提高可靠性，提供3分钟的快速预热时间、10kHz偏移时-158 dBc/Hz的低相位噪声和HCMOS输出电平。
特征：紧密的，高可靠性，频率高达40MHz

Raltron晶振OX7000系列是业界最小的SMD恒温晶体振荡器OX4570A-D3-2-20.000-3.3

小体积无源晶振ECS-120-18-23G-JGN-TR具备优良的耐恶劣环境特性

在现在的电子市场中，小型的贴片晶振才是市场上的主打商品，相对于插件晶振来说，贴片晶振体积小型，并且可使用现代SMT自动贴片机高速焊接，既节省了昂贵的人工费用，也提高了生产效率，且产品体积的的变小也使产品带来更高的可靠性和稳定性能，小体积无源晶振ECS-120-18-23G-JGN-TR，ECS-120-S-20A-TR晶振等产品，均是两脚SMD晶振，批量为12MHZ晶振。具备优良的耐恶劣环境特性，符合欧盟ROHS标准。满足无铅高温焊接曲线要求。

京瓷晶振公司作为电子部件中各同行中争相效仿的对象,在制作石英晶振,贴片晶振,32.768K等频率元件.为社会和人类的进步做出贡献.石英晶体,贴片晶振,温补晶振对于手机,数码相机和其他数字设备关键部件的性能有重要影响,近期业务总部研发出了一种新产品,以达到快速交货,并且对应于全局可靠性标准AEC-Q100/200晶体时钟振荡器的车载部件)SPXO),用于时钟的晶体振荡器是输出用于控制电子电路等的时钟信号的重要部分,使得电子设备可以正常操作.

京瓷晶振Z系列用于电子设备和通讯设备的晶体振荡器,KT2016K26000BCW18ZAS

石英晶体谐振器在电子学中的重要性在于其极高的Q值、相对较小的尺寸和优异的温度稳定性。

石英晶体谐振器利用石英的压电特性直接压电效应是指机械应力作用下某些材料产生的电极化效应。逆效应是指同一材料在电场作用下产生的变形。

在石英晶体谐振器中，在两个电极之间放置一薄片石英，其相对于晶体轴以适当的方向切割。施加在这些电极上的交流电压会使石英同时振动。伴随而来的极化变化构成了通过谐振器的电位移电流。

当外加电压的频率接近石英薄片的机械共振频率之一时，振动的振幅变得很大。伴随的位移电流也会增大，因此器件的有效阻抗会减小。在石英晶体谐振器作为晶体振荡器的频率控制元件的应用中，阻抗随共振附近频率的变化而迅速变化是关键因素。

在电气方面，石英晶体可以用图1中的等效电路表示，其中串联组合r1、l1和c1表示压电效应对阻抗的贡献，c0表示电极之间的并联电容以及任何杂散保持器电容。电感l1是石英质量的函数，而电容c1与其刚度相关。电阻r1是石英和安装装置损耗的结果。等效电路的参数测量精度可达1%左右。

等效电路的电抗频率图如图2所示。晶振性能的相关公式有很多，其中第一个是fs。这是晶体串联共振的频率，由下式给出： 

其中fs以赫兹表示，l1以亨利表示，c1以法拉表示。 

典型晶体参数值

校准公差

校准公差是晶体在特定温度、基准温度（通常为25°C）下频率的最大允许偏差。

频率稳定性

晶振不稳定有多种原因。温度变化和质量的物理变化导致了我们称之为老化的长期漂移，这可能是我们最关心的问题。

通过适当选择晶振切割和（对于严格的公差要求）在晶振电路中包括与温度相关的电抗，或在小烤箱中保持恒定温度，可将温度变化的影响降至最低。at-cut晶体是当今应用最广泛的晶振，因为它们的频率-温度曲线家族很容易以低成本为所有应用（除了最苛刻的应用）提供良好的性能。

未补偿的AT切割晶体可以在-10°C到60°C的范围内规定公差为±5ppm，更宽的温度范围需要更大的公差，如图3所示，显示了AT切割频率温度曲线的典型系列这些曲线可以用三次方程表示，并且强烈依赖于石英坯料的切割角度零温度系数的点称为上下拐点通过选择切割角度，可以将一个转折点放置在需要的位置；然后固定另一个转折点，因为这两个转折点在20°~30°C范围内的某个点上是对称的。转弯点之间的坡度随着它们一起移动而变小。设计用于烘箱的晶体被切割，以便上转折点与烘箱工作温度一致。

图4显示了几个低频切割的频率-温度曲线。J-cut在10kHz以下使用，而XY-cut可以在3kHz到85kHz之间使用。可在10KHz范围内使用NT切割。dt-cut适用于100khz至800khz左右，ct-cut适用于300khz至900khz。

负载电容

晶振可以由其制造商在fr处进行校准，在fr处它们看起来是电阻的（或非常接近fr的fs），或者在与电容性负载共振时，它们当然必须是电感的。后一种情况称为负载共振，通常用符号fl表示；更具体地说，符号f30，例如，表示晶体与30pF电容性负载共振的频率。

晶体电抗曲线上需要校准的点由电路结构决定一般来说，振荡器中的非反相保持放大器需要在fr处校准，而反相放大器需要在“负载电容”cl的某个值处校准。后一种配置依赖于电感晶体以及与之共振的负载电容，提供180度的相位偏移。

该规则最常见的例外是，当小电容器（例如变容二极管）与非反相放大器电路中的晶体串联以提供一定程度的频率调整时。在这种情况下，必须用电容的平均值校准晶体的共振。

 可拉性 

晶体的可拉性是在给定的负载电容变化下测量其频率变化的一种方法。这通常表示为串联谐振频率（fr）和负载谐振频率（fL）之间的差异该偏移量可使用分数负载谐振频率偏移量（dl）以百万分之几计算，即给定值cl时，从fr到fl的实际频率变化。

  其中C1，C0和CL均以相同单位表示。图5显示了频率变化相对于负载电容变化的影响的典型曲线。

 另外，通常将晶体的可拉性表示为修整灵敏度，单位为ppm / pF负载电容变化。 通过ppm / pF给出：

其中C1，C0和CL以pF为单位，并且在图6中以图形方式显示了（C0 + CL）的各种值。

The 'ageing' of a quartz crystal results in a small change of frequency over time and this effect may have to be taken into account by the customer when designing their circuit depending upon the overall specification that needs to be achieved. There are two main causes of ageing in quartz crystals, one due to mass-transfer and the other due to stress.

Mass-Transfer

Any unwanted contamination inside the device package can transfer material to or from the SMD CRYSTALcausing a change in the mass of the quartz blank which will alter the frequency of the device. For example, the conductive epoxy used to mount the quartz blank can produce 'out-gassing' which can create oxidising material within the otherwise inert atmosphere inside the sealed crystal package and so this production process must be well controlled. Ideally the manufacturing method is as clean as possible to negate any effects and give good ageing results.

Stress

This can occur within various components of the crystal from the processing of the quartz blank, the curing of the epoxy mounting adhesive, the crystal mounting structure and the type of metal electrode material used in the device.Heating and cooling also causes stress due to different expansion coefficients. Stress in the system usually changes over time as the system relaxes and this can cause a change in frequency.

Ageing in practice

When looking at example ageing test results of crystals,it can be seen that the change in frequency is generally greatest in the 1st year and decays away with time. It must be noted however that for example if a device is specified at ±5ppm max per year; it does not follow that the ageing after 5 yrs will be ±5ppm x 5yrs, i.e. ±25ppm. In practice,the example ±5ppm ageing device may be only ±1ppm to ±2ppm in the 1st year of operation and then reduces over subsequent years. It is common to use a general 'guide-rule' for crystal ageing of ±10ppm max over 10 years although in reality it is usually much less than this. It is impossible to predict the exact ageing of a device as even parts made at the same time and from the same batch of quartz will exhibit slightly different ageing characteristics.The production process must be consistent from part to part, from the manufacture of the quartz blank, the electrode size and its placement, to the epoxy used to mount the quartz and its curing thermal profile, all have a slight affect on frequency. Devices can age negatively or positively depending upon the internal causes although parts from one batch tend to follow similar results. Generally the ageing effect is negative in over 90% of parts manufactured.

Accelerated ageing

It is common industry practice to use an accelerated ageing process to predict long term frequency movement by soaking devices at elevated temperatures and measuring frequency movement at relevant intervals. It is normal to test crystals using a passive test (i.e. non-powered). The general rule used is that soaking a crystal at +85℃ for 30 days is equivalent to 1 year of ageing at normal room temperature. If this test is extended for enough time then the recorded data can be plotted graphically to enable via extrapolation, the prediction of future long term ageing.

Frequency adjustment

Note that the ageing of quartz effectively changes the frequency tolerance of the crystal and does not directly influence the stability of the quartz over temperature to any great degree as this parameter is dictated by the 'cut-angle' of the quartz used. If using quartz oscillators that have a voltage-control function such as VCXOs, TCXOs or OCXOs, the output frequency can be adjusted back to its nominally specified value.

Design

The engineer designing a circuit using either a crystal or oscillator will generally know what overall stability figure their equipment must meet over a particular time period.

As the tolerance and/or stability of a device decreases then the more important ageing becomes. For example using a TCXO at ±1ppm stability over temperature will require ageing to be kept to relatively small values. However, if the total frequency movement allowance of a design is for example ±200ppm and a device with a rating of ±100ppm is used then a small amount of ageing can effectively be ignored.

About Crystal parameters description,Crystal Project Name

AT Cut Crystals

For precise frequency control in radio and line communication systems, quartz crystal resonators have proved indispensable. The material properties of crystalline quartz are such that quartz resonators display stableness and Q factors that cannot be matched by other types of resonator over the frequency range from 1 MHz to 200 MHz.

Equivalent Circuit

Fig-1 shows the conventionally accepted equivalent circuit of a crystal resonator at a frequency near its main mode of vibration. The inductance LI reiperesents the vibrating mass, the series capacitance CL the compliance of the quartz element and the resistance Rl the internal frication of the element, mechanical losses in the mounting system and acoustical losses to the surrounding environment.

The shunt capacitance Co is made up of the static capacitance between the electrodes, togettier with stray capacitances of the mounting system. 

There are two zero-phase frequencies associated with this simple circuit, one is at series resonance fs, another at antiresonance fa. When used in an oscillator, crystal units will operate at any frequency within the broken lines of Fig-2 as determined by the phase of the maintaining circuit.

By changing of this reactive condition, the crystal frequency may be trimmed in a limited extent. The degree to which this frequency may be varied (frequency pulling) is inversely proportional to the capacitance ratio r(C〇 /Ci).

Load Capacitance

Many practical oscillator circuits make use of a load capacitor CL in series or parallel with the crystal, either in order to provide a means for final frequency adjustment, or perhaps for modulation or temperature compensation purposes. For the crystal load capacitance. We looking into the circuit through the two crystal terminals, the load capacitance need to specified when the crystal is paralleled mode, crystal load capacitance is calculated as below: 

Frequency Pulling

In many applications a variable capacitor (trimmer) is used as the load reactive element to adjust the frequency. The fractional frequency range available between specified values of this load reactive element is called the pulling range (PR.) and it can be calculated by using the following formula: 

Sensitivity

A useful parameter to the design engineer is the pulling sensitivity (S) at a specified value of load capacitance. It is defined as the incremental fractional frequency change for an incremental change in load capacitance. It is normally expressed in ppm/pF (10-6/pF) and can be calculated from the formula: 

It is very important to define the mean load capacitance to enable the actual crystal frequency be set within the tolerances of the specified nominal frequency. It is also important to use, wherever possible, standard values of load capacitance; for example:20pF, 30pF.

Fig-3 shows the relationship between LO.; P.R. and S. 

Frequency Pulling Calculation

An approximation to the pulling for any crystal can be calculated from this simple formula:

Resistance

The equivalent circuit of the crystal has one other important parameter: This is Ri, the motional resistance. This parameter controls the Q of the crystal unit and will define the level of oscillation in any maintaining circuit. The load resonance for a given crystal unit depends upon the load capacitance with which that unit is intended to operate. The frequency of oscillation is the same in either series or parallel connection of the load capacitance.

If the external capacitance is designated the load resonance resistance may be calculated as follows:

The equivalent shunt or parallel resistance at load resonance frequency is approximately: 

It should be remembered that Ri does not change thus the effective parameters of any user network can be readily calculated.

Frequency Temperature Characteristics

The AT-cut crystal has a frequency temperature characteristic which may be described by a cubic function of temperature. This characteristic can be precisely controlled by small variations in the exact angle at which the crystal blank is cut from the original quartz bar. Fig,4 illustrates some typical cases. This cubic behaviour is in contrast to most other crystal cuts, which have parabolic temperature characteristics.

As a consequence, the AT-cut is generally the best choice when specifying a unit to operate over a wide temperature range, and is available in a range of frequencies from 1 to 200 MHz.